Boards by the Numbers Sample Review of Foot Surgery
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Your Paper Your Fashion
We at present differentiate betwixt the requirements for new and revised submissions. You may choose to submit your manuscript as a single Word or PDF file to be used in the refereeing process. Only when your paper is at the revision stage, will you exist requested to put your newspaper in to a 'correct format' for acceptance and provide the items required for the publication of your article.
To observe out more, please visit the Preparation section beneath.
Foot & Ankle Surgery: Techniques, Reports & Cases (FASTRAC) is the new Open Access journal of the American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons (ACFAS) and the companion to The Journal of Human foot & Talocrural joint Surgery (JFAS). FASTRAC volition publish the latest advances in cutting-edge surgical techniques for correction of pes and ankle disorders. The journal focuses on clinically relevant articles, reviews, and case reports to provide relevant and in-depth coverage of all areas of the medical and surgical treatment of foot and ankle disorders. The journal will provide do-based evidence via instance reports and manufactures on novel techniques to advance clinical inquiry and daily clinical exercise. As the Open Admission companion journal to JFAS, FASTRAC volition go the dwelling house to case reports that are currently submitted to JFAS, likewise as brief communications, including techniques videos. FASTRAC is intended to provide rapid publication of papers that will help ACFAS members and other pes and talocrural joint surgeons to stay upwardly-to-date on best clinical practices. FASTRAC volition publish the award-winning posters presented at the ACFAS Annual Scientific Conference so they will be referenced and direct attainable to the world audition. Active involvement of immature members including social media presence separate FASTRAC from other scientific journals. All articles are published under a Artistic Commons license enabling the contents to be accessed for free anywhere in the world.
Important Annotation
All authors must disclose whatsoever financial and personal relationships with other people or organizations that could inappropriately influence (bias) their work. Authors must disclose whatsoever interests in a summary annunciation of interest statement in the title page file. If at that place are no interests to declare, so please state this: «Declarations of interest: none.» This summary argument will ultimately be published if the commodity is accepted. In addition, detailed disclosures must exist made on the Declaration of Interest form the authors complete at submission which forms function of the journal's official records. It is important for potential interests to exist declared in both places and that the information matches.
All submissions to Human foot & Ankle Surgery: Techniques, Reports & Cases must comply with these Instructions for Authors. Studies should exist in compliance with human studies committees and animal welfare regulations at the authors' institutions and also in compliance with Food and Drug Administration guidelines. All manuscripts will exist subject to peer review. Letters to the Editor and comments on the journal'south content or policies are always welcome and encouraged.
Types of manufactures
There are several article types, with varying level of maximum word counts and references: Case Reports and Case Serial (N less than 30 subjects); Instructional Courses; Tips, Quips and Pearls; Editorial or Commentary; Letter to the Editor; ACFAS Annual Scientific Briefing Poster Award Recipient PDFs (citable); Technical Note with Video; Industry-Sponsored Video; Industry-Sponsored Article; Resident/Young man Lecture; and Original Research Articles.
Case Reports and Case Series (N less than thirty subjects); Commencement January one, 2022, FASTRAC will require a minimum clinical, and where advisable, radiographic follow-up of three-years from the engagement of the definitive surgery/intervention for case reports and instance series.
Instructional Course—a detailed clarification of a specific intervention or diagnostic test, accompanied past detailed effigy images and video add-ons available at FastracJournal.org.
Tips, Quips and Pearls—a brief and practical description of a useful clinical or surgical maneuver or procedure, accompanied by useful figure images.
Editorial or Commentary—an article expressing an stance nearly a topic considered interesting to foot and ankle surgeons.
Letter to the Editor—a letter from a reader expressing an stance or raising a question, usually focusing on a particular published commodity, and usually accompanied by a reply from the writer/s of the original article.
ACFAS Annual Scientific Conference Poster Award Recipient PDFs (citable)—poster submissions are the award winning scientific and case written report/series posters presented at the American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons Annual Scientific Conference each year. The original Abstract submitted to ACFAS and the terminal PDF re-create volition exist published complimentary of charge and available through FASTRAC online. The Abstruse should be formatted according to the FASTRAC Manuscript Guide for Authors.
Technical Note with Video—educational article providing practical tutorial on technique, tools, methodologies and approaches in pes and ankle surgery. Briefly set out the reasons you are presenting your technique, using Figures and Videos and draw step-by-step. Mention proper noun and manufacturer of specific products (required in detail) so others can perform the technique the mode yous do it. In give-and-take section, address the advantages, risks and/or limitations, of this technique. Submit narrated video with the article. All videos are subject field to peer review. A sound-runway is required. Must include references in AMA mode, funding, conflict of interest, patient-informed consent and writer contributor roles.
Industry-Sponsored Article and/or Video Submission—These tin can follow a similar construction to the Case Series, Case Report and Surgical Techniques articles. Authors should too include a separate department that details the known complications encountered to date for all the products/technologies used and how these were addressed.
Resident/Beau Lecture/Review—invited submissions from residency and fellowship programs periodically throughout the yr intended to supplement learning opportunities for pes and ankle surgeons in training.
Original Research Article—scientific reports of clinical and laboratory investigations, including randomized controlled trials, cantankerous-over experiments, meta-analyses, prospective and retrospective cohort (North greater than or equal to 30 subjects) studies, case control studies, analyses of secular trends, and cross exclusive studies.
Specifications
- For Original Inquiry Articles, the give-and-take count should exist 4,000 words or less. All other articles accept a word count limit of 2,000 words or less.
- With the exception of Editorials, Commentaries, and Letters, all articles require an abstract. The abstruse should be 250 words or less.
- For all manufactures, the reference limit is 15, and at that place is a limit of 5 Figures and/or tables per submission.
- All submissions require a conflict of interest argument.
- A patient consent statement is required for all Example Reports, fifty-fifty if there are no photos of patients included. Authors may download a Patient Informed Consent template to include in their submission.
Contact details for submission
For questions near the editorial process (including the status of manuscripts nether review) or for technical support on submissions, delight visit our Support Centre. For pre-submission inquiries, please email editor@fastracjournal.org. For details on ACFAS awards, delight visit https://www.acfas.org.
Submission checklist
You tin employ this list to comport out a final bank check of your submission before you send it to the journal for review. Please bank check the relevant section in this Guide for Authors for more than details.
Ensure that the following items are present:
One writer has been designated as the corresponding writer with contact details:
• East-mail address
• Full postal address
All necessary files have been uploaded:
Manuscript:
• Include keywords
• All figures (include relevant captions)
• All tables (including titles, description, footnotes)
• Ensure all figure and tabular array citations in the text match the files provided
• Point clearly if color should be used for whatsoever figures in print
Graphical Abstracts / Highlights files (where applicable)
Supplemental files (where applicable)
Further considerations
• Manuscript has been 'spell checked' and 'grammar checked'
• All references mentioned in the Reference Listing are cited in the text, and vice versa
• Permission has been obtained for apply of copyrighted material from other sources (including the Cyberspace)
• A competing interests statement is provided, even if the authors have no competing interests to declare
• Periodical policies detailed in this guide have been reviewed
• Referee suggestions and contact details provided, based on journal requirements
For further information, visit our Back up Center.
Authors should include a statement in the manuscript that informed consent was obtained for experimentation with man subjects. The privacy rights of human subjects must e'er be observed.
All animal experiments should comply with the ARRIVE guidelines and should be carried out in accord with the U.K. Animals (Scientific Procedures) Deed, 1986 and associated guidelines, European union Directive 2010/63/EU for fauna experiments, or the National Research Council's Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals and the authors should clearly signal in the manuscript that such guidelines take been followed. The sex of animals must be indicated, and where appropriate, the influence (or association) of sexual practice on the results of the study.
Informed consent and patient details
Studies on patients or volunteers require ideals committee approval and informed consent, which should exist documented in the paper. Advisable consents, permissions and releases must be obtained where an author wishes to include case details or other personal data or images of patients and whatsoever other individuals in an Elsevier publication. Written consents must exist retained by the author but copies should not be provided to the journal. Only if specifically requested by the journal in exceptional circumstances (for example if a legal result arises) the author must provide copies of the consents or evidence that such consents have been obtained. For more than data, please review the Elsevier Policy on the Employ of Images or Personal Information of Patients or other Individuals. Unless you take written permission from the patient (or, where applicable, the next of kin), the personal details of any patient included in whatever function of the article and in any supplementary materials (including all illustrations and videos) must be removed before submission.
For Case Reports and Series, a patient consent argument is required, even if there are no photos of patients included. Authors should complete the Patient Consent Statement using the template here. Copies of the written consent from the patient should be retained by the author, and are but required if specifically requested past the editor.
Annunciation of off-label apply
Authors should specify in the manuscript's Methods or Case Description if any portion of the intendance provided involved off-label drug or product employ. In add-on, they will demand to provide a weblink to the drug's or product's approved utilise(southward) and provide insight as to why other on-label products could non be used. This is in add-on to confirming that the patient received advisable informed consent that they were receiving care involving off-label drug or product apply.
Annunciation of involvement
All authors must disclose any financial and personal relationships with other people or organizations that could inappropriately influence (bias) their work. Examples of potential competing interests include employment, consultancies, stock ownership, honoraria, paid expert testimony, patent applications/registrations, and grants or other funding. Authors must disclose any interests in 2 places: ane. A summary declaration of involvement statement in the title page file (if double anonymized) or the manuscript file (if unmarried anonymized). If at that place are no interests to declare then delight state this: 'Declarations of interest: none'. ii. Detailed disclosures as part of a separate Proclamation of Interest course, which forms part of the journal'southward official records. Information technology is important for potential interests to exist declared in both places and that the information matches. More than data.
Control for Biases
For Instance Reports and Example Series, please specify in the Methods section of the commodity what attempts were made to control for biases. For cases where this could not exist controlled, in the Discussion section, delight present questions that readers should consider prior to addressing the aforementioned or similar pathology with the approaches presented.
Examples of types of biases to consider are beneath:
- Admission BIAS: A grade of VOLUNTEER BIAS (see below); the population beingness studied does not reflect the general population that should be considered
- CONFIRMATION BIAS: Information that confirms your preconceptions/behavior and avoids/undervalues/disregards data that is inconsistent with your own behavior.
- Data Assay BIAS: Fabrication of nonexistant information, abusing information by eliminating outliers that exercise not support your hypothesis, and/or manipulating the data by using inappropriate statistical tests or "fishing" for tests that will support your desired outcome.
- Information INTERPRETATION BIAS: Discussion of observed differences that were not statistically significant (a.k.a. "borderline significant") or may be statistically pregnant simply are clinically irrelevant. Also includes extrapolation of data outside the range of data actually studied and overgeneralization of study conclusions to general population.
- FUNDING BIAS: Prevailing studies come from one visitor who funds them and the results/outcomes consistently back up the companies ain marketing interests.
- HINDSIGHT BIAS: Researcher(s) convince themselves after an outcome has already occurred that they had accurately predicted information technology earlier it happened.
- MISCLASSIFICATION BIAS: Occurs with poorly defined pathology that is not easy to precisely diagnose and has no "gilt standard."
- PUBLICATION BIAS: Journals are much more likely to publish manuscripts presenting a positive or neutral outcome than a negative one.
- RECENCY BIAS: Tendency to project contempo experiences of observations into the future causing predictions nearly the futurity to be based on events of the contempo past.
- SAMPLING/Observation BIAS: Some subjects are systematically more likely to exist selected into a sample population than others thereby limiting generalizability.
- Selection BIAS: Diff representation of subjects being studied.
- SURGEON/CENTER OF EXCELLENCE BIAS: Outcomes for design surgeons/centers of excellence are skewed towards the positive even in complex situations so the outcomes are not generalizable to the mutual surgeon/facility.
- SURVIVOR BIAS: A form of SAMPLING BIAS; patients/data points that make information technology by the pick procedure are focused on and those that did non are disregarded/ignored.
- VOLUNTEER BIAS: Over recruitment of ane blazon of subject/population beingness studied.
Submission declaration and verification
Submission of an article implies that the work described has non been published previously (except in the course of an abstract, a published lecture or academic thesis, see 'Multiple, redundant or concurrent publication' for more data), that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere, that its publication is approved by all authors and tacitly or explicitly by the responsible authorities where the piece of work was carried out, and that, if accustomed, information technology will not be published elsewhere in the same form, in English or in any other linguistic communication, including electronically without the written consent of the copyright-holder. To verify originality, your article may be checked past the originality detection service Crossref Similarity Check.
Whatsoever manuscript with a Similarity Check percentage of plagiarism ≥25% simply <40% will be returned to the author(s) asking for an explanation and opportunity to revise their submission and re-submit it for formal consideration. Whatever submission with a percentage of plagiarism ≥xl% volition exist rejected outright and the authors volition be notified why.
Preprints
Please annotation that preprints tin can be shared anywhere at any time, in line with Elsevier's sharing policy. Sharing your preprints eastward.thousand. on a preprint server volition non count as prior publication (see 'Multiple, redundant or concurrent publication' for more than data).
Utilise of inclusive language
Inclusive language acknowledges diversity, conveys respect to all people, is sensitive to differences, and promotes equal opportunities. Content should make no assumptions nearly the beliefs or commitments of whatsoever reader; contain nothing which might imply that one private is superior to another on the grounds of age, gender, race, ethnicity, culture, sexual orientation, inability or wellness status; and apply inclusive language throughout. Authors should ensure that writing is free from bias, stereotypes, slang, reference to ascendant civilization and/or cultural assumptions. We propose to seek gender neutrality by using plural nouns ("clinicians, patients/clients") equally default/wherever possible to avoid using "he, she," or "he/she." We recommend avoiding the use of descriptors that refer to personal attributes such as age, gender, race, ethnicity, culture, sexual orientation, disability or wellness status unless they are relevant and valid. When coding terminology is used, we recommend to avoid offensive or exclusionary terms such as "master", "slave", "blacklist" and "whitelist". We suggest using alternatives that are more appropriate and (self-) explanatory such as "primary", "secondary", "blocklist" and "allowlist". These guidelines are meant every bit a point of reference to help identify appropriate language merely are by no ways exhaustive or definitive.
Authorship
All authors should have made substantial contributions to all of the post-obit: (1) the formulation and pattern of the study, or acquisition of information, or assay and interpretation of data, (2) drafting the commodity or revising it critically for of import intellectual content, (3) final approving of the version to be submitted.
Changes to authorship
Authors are expected to consider advisedly the list and order of authors before submitting their manuscript and provide the definitive list of authors at the fourth dimension of the original submission. Any addition, deletion or rearrangement of author names in the authorship listing should be made only before the manuscript has been accepted and but if approved past the journal Editor. To request such a change, the Editor must receive the following from the corresponding author: (a) the reason for the change in author list and (b) written confirmation (electronic mail, letter) from all authors that they agree with the addition, removal or rearrangement. In the instance of addition or removal of authors, this includes confirmation from the author being added or removed.
Simply in exceptional circumstances will the Editor consider the improver, deletion or rearrangement of authors afterwards the manuscript has been accepted. While the Editor considers the asking, publication of the manuscript will be suspended. If the manuscript has already been published in an online issue, any requests approved by the Editor will result in a corrigendum.
Article transfer service
This journal is part of our Article Transfer Service. This ways that if the Editor feels your article is more than suitable in one of our other participating journals, then you may be asked to consider transferring the article to ane of those. If you concord, your commodity will exist transferred automatically on your behalf with no need to reformat. Please notation that your article will be reviewed again by the new journal. More than information.
Copyright
Upon credence of an article, authors will exist asked to complete a 'License Agreement' (see more information on this). Permitted third political party reuse of open access manufactures is adamant by the author's selection of user license.
Author rights
As an writer you (or your employer or establishment) accept certain rights to reuse your work. More data.
Elsevier supports responsible sharing
Discover out how y'all can share your research published in Elsevier journals.
Office of the funding source
You are requested to identify who provided fiscal support for the acquit of the research and/or preparation of the commodity and to briefly draw the role of the sponsor(southward), if any, in report design; in the drove, assay and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; and in the decision to submit the article for publication. If the funding source(s) had no such involvement, information technology is recommended to state this.
Elsevier Researcher Academy
Researcher Academy is a gratis e-learning platform designed to back up early and mid-career researchers throughout their research journey. The "Learn" surroundings at Researcher Academy offers several interactive modules, webinars, downloadable guides and resource to guide you through the procedure of writing for inquiry and going through peer review. Feel complimentary to utilise these gratuitous resources to improve your submission and navigate the publication procedure with ease.
Language (usage and editing services)
Please write your text in practiced English (American or British usage is accepted, but not a mixture of these). Authors who feel their English linguistic communication manuscript may crave editing to eliminate possible grammatical or spelling errors and to conform to correct scientific English may wish to use the English Linguistic communication Editing service available from Elsevier's Author Services.
Submission
Our online submission system guides yous stepwise through the process of inbound your article details and uploading your files. The system converts your article files to a single PDF file used in the peer-review process. Editable files (eastward.g., Word, LaTeX) are required to typeset your article for terminal publication. All correspondence, including notification of the Editor's decision and requests for revision, is sent by e-postal service.
Submit your commodity
Please submit your article via https://www.editorialmanager.com/fastrc.
Queries
For questions virtually the editorial process (including the condition of manuscripts under review) or for technical support on submissions, please visit our Back up Center.
NEW SUBMISSIONS
Submission to this periodical proceeds totally online and you volition exist guided stepwise through the creation and uploading of your files. The organisation automatically converts your files to a single PDF file, which is used in the peer-review procedure.
As role of the Your Newspaper Your Way service, you may choose to submit your manuscript as a single file to be used in the refereeing process. This can be a PDF file or a Word certificate, in any format or lay-out that tin be used by referees to evaluate your manuscript. Information technology should contain high enough quality figures for refereeing. If y'all prefer to practice so, you may still provide all or some of the source files at the initial submission. Delight note that individual figure files larger than 10 MB must be uploaded separately.
References
There are no strict requirements on reference formatting at submission. References can exist in whatever mode or format as long as the style is consequent. Where applicative, author(s) name(s), journal title/book title, chapter championship/article title, year of publication, book number/book chapter and the article number or pagination must be present. Use of DOI is highly encouraged. The reference fashion used by the journal will be applied to the accepted article by Elsevier at the proof stage. Note that missing information will be highlighted at proof phase for the writer to correct.
Formatting requirements
There are no strict formatting requirements but all manuscripts must contain the essential elements needed to convey your manuscript, for case Abstruse, Keywords, Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results, Conclusions, Artwork and Tables with Captions.
If your article includes whatever Videos and/or other Supplementary material, this should exist included in your initial submission for peer review purposes.
Divide the article into clearly defined sections.
Figures and tables embedded in text
Please ensure the figures and the tables included in the unmarried file are placed next to the relevant text in the manuscript, rather than at the lesser or the top of the file. The corresponding caption should be placed straight beneath the figure or table.
Double anonymized review
This journal uses double anonymized review, which ways the identities of the authors are concealed from the reviewers, and vice versa. More than data is available on our website. To facilitate this, please include the following separately:
Title page (with author details): This should include the title, authors' names, affiliations, acknowledgements and whatever Declaration of Interest argument, and a consummate accost for the corresponding author including an e-mail address.
Anonymized manuscript (no author details): The primary trunk of the paper (including the references, figures, tables and any acknowledgements) should not include any identifying data, such equally the authors' names or affiliations.
REVISED SUBMISSIONS
Employ of word processing software
Regardless of the file format of the original submission, at revision you must provide us with an editable file of the unabridged article. Keep the layout of the text equally unproblematic equally possible. Most formatting codes will exist removed and replaced on processing the commodity. The electronic text should be prepared in a way very similar to that of conventional manuscripts (meet too the Guide to Publishing with Elsevier). Encounter likewise the section on Electronic artwork.
To avert unnecessary errors y'all are strongly advised to utilize the 'spell-cheque' and 'grammar-check' functions of your give-and-take processor.
Article construction
Subdivision - unnumbered sections
Divide your article into clearly divers sections. Each subsection is given a brief heading. Each heading should announced on its own carve up line. Subsections should exist used as much as possible when cross-referencing text: refer to the subsection by heading every bit opposed to simply 'the text'.
Introduction
State the objectives of the piece of work and provide an acceptable background, avoiding a detailed literature survey or a summary of the results.
Material and methods
Provide sufficient details to allow the work to be reproduced past an independent researcher. Methods that are already published should exist summarized, and indicated by a reference. If quoting directly from a previously published method, use quotation marks and also cite the source. Any modifications to existing methods should also exist described.
Results
Results should exist articulate and concise.
Word
This should explore the significance of the results of the piece of work, non repeat them. A combined Results and Discussion section is often appropriate. Avoid extensive citations and discussion of published literature.
Conclusions
The main conclusions of the study may be presented in a short Conclusions section, which may stand lone or form a subsection of a Discussion or Results and Discussion section.
Essential championship page information
• Title. Concise and informative. Titles are often used in information-retrieval systems. Avert abbreviations and formulae where possible.
• Writer names and affiliations. Delight clearly indicate the given name(s) and family name(s) of each author and check that all names are accurately spelled. You can add together your proper name betwixt parentheses in your own script backside the English transliteration. Present the authors' affiliation addresses (where the bodily piece of work was done) beneath the names. Indicate all affiliations with a superscript number immediately after the writer's name and in forepart of the appropriate address. Provide the total postal address of each affiliation, including the country name and, if available, the e-mail address of each author.
• Corresponding author. Clearly point who will handle correspondence at all stages of refereeing and publication, also post-publication. This responsibility includes answering whatever future queries most Methodology and Materials. Ensure that the e-mail address is given and that contact details are kept up to date by the corresponding author.
• Present/permanent accost. If an author has moved since the work described in the commodity was washed, or was visiting at the time, a 'Nowadays address' (or 'Permanent accost') may exist indicated as a footnote to that author's proper noun. The address at which the author really did the work must be retained equally the principal, amalgamation accost. Superscript Arabic numerals are used for such footnotes.
Highlights
Highlights are optional however highly encouraged for this journal, equally they increase the discoverability of your article via search engines. They consist of a short drove of bullet points that capture the novel results of your research equally well as new methods that were used during the study (if any). Please have a look at the examples hither: example Highlights.
Highlights should be submitted in a separate editable file in the online submission system. Please use 'Highlights' in the file name and include 3 to five bullet points (maximum 85 characters, including spaces, per bullet point).
Abstract
A curtailed and factual abstruse is required. The abstruse should state briefly the purpose of the research, the principal results and major conclusions. An abstract is often presented separately from the commodity, then it must be able to stand solitary. For this reason, References should exist avoided, but if essential, and then cite the author(s) and twelvemonth(s). Too, non-standard or uncommon abbreviations should be avoided, but if essential they must be defined at their first mention in the abstract itself.
Graphical abstract
Although a graphical abstract is optional, its utilize is encouraged as information technology draws more attention to the online commodity. The graphical abstract should summarize the contents of the article in a concise, pictorial form designed to capture the attending of a wide readership. Graphical abstracts should exist submitted as a separate file in the online submission system. Image size: Please provide an paradigm with a minimum of 531 × 1328 pixels (h × due west) or proportionally more. The prototype should be readable at a size of five × thirteen cm using a regular screen resolution of 96 dpi. Preferred file types: TIFF, EPS, PDF or MS Office files. You lot can view Case Graphical Abstracts on our information site.
Authors can make use of Elsevier'southward Illustration Services to ensure the best presentation of their images and in accord with all technical requirements.
Keywords
Immediately later on the abstruse, provide a maximum of 6 keywords, using American spelling and avoiding general and plural terms and multiple concepts (avert, for example, 'and', 'of'). Exist sparing with abbreviations: only abbreviations firmly established in the field may be eligible. These keywords will be used for indexing purposes.
Abbreviations
Define abbreviations that are not standard in this field in a footnote to be placed on the get-go page of the commodity. Such abbreviations that are unavoidable in the abstract must be divers at their first mention there, likewise every bit in the footnote. Ensure consistency of abbreviations throughout the article.
Acknowledgements
Collate acknowledgements in a separate section at the finish of the commodity before the references and do not, therefore, include them on the title page, every bit a footnote to the title or otherwise. List here those individuals who provided help during the enquiry (e.g., providing language help, writing assistance or proof reading the commodity, etc.).
Formatting of funding sources
List funding sources in this standard way to facilitate compliance to funder'due south requirements:
Funding: This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health [grant numbers xxxx, yyyy]; the Neb & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, WA [grant number zzzz]; and the United states Institutes of Peace [grant number aaaa].
It is non necessary to include detailed descriptions on the program or type of grants and awards. When funding is from a cake grant or other resources available to a university, college, or other research institution, submit the name of the plant or organization that provided the funding.
If no funding has been provided for the research, it is recommended to include the following sentence:
This inquiry did not receive whatever specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
Math formulae
Delight submit math equations as editable text and not as images. Present simple formulae in line with normal text where possible and use the solidus (/) instead of a horizontal line for small fractional terms, e.g., Ten/Y. In principle, variables are to be presented in italics. Powers of e are often more conveniently denoted by exp. Number consecutively any equations that have to exist displayed separately from the text (if referred to explicitly in the text).
Footnotes
Footnotes should be used sparingly. Number them consecutively throughout the article. Many word processors can build footnotes into the text, and this characteristic may exist used. Otherwise, please indicate the position of footnotes in the text and list the footnotes themselves separately at the end of the article. Do not include footnotes in the Reference list.
Artwork
Electronic artwork
Full general points
• Brand sure you apply uniform lettering and sizing of your original artwork.
• Preferred fonts: Arial (or Helvetica), Times New Roman (or Times), Symbol, Courier.
• Number the illustrations according to their sequence in the text.
• Use a logical naming convention for your artwork files.
• Indicate per figure if it is a single, 1.5 or 2-column fitting image.
• For Word submissions only, y'all may still provide figures and their captions, and tables within a single file at the revision stage.
• Please note that individual figure files larger than 10 MB must be provided in separate source files.
A detailed guide on electronic artwork is bachelor.
You lot are urged to visit this site; some excerpts from the detailed data are given here.
Formats
Regardless of the application used, when your electronic artwork is finalized, please 'save as' or convert the images to 1 of the post-obit formats (note the resolution requirements for line drawings, halftones, and line/halftone combinations given beneath):
EPS (or PDF): Vector drawings. Embed the font or relieve the text every bit 'graphics'.
TIFF (or JPG): Colour or grayscale photographs (halftones): always employ a minimum of 300 dpi.
TIFF (or JPG): Bitmapped line drawings: apply a minimum of 1000 dpi.
TIFF (or JPG): Combinations bitmapped line/half-tone (color or grayscale): a minimum of 500 dpi is required.
Please practice not:
• Supply files that are optimized for screen use (e.g., GIF, BMP, PICT, WPG); the resolution is as well depression.
• Supply files that are too low in resolution.
• Submit graphics that are unduly large for the content.
Color artwork
Delight brand sure that artwork files are in an acceptable format (TIFF (or JPEG), EPS (or PDF) or MS Office files) and with the right resolution. If, together with your accepted article, you submit usable colour figures then Elsevier will ensure, at no boosted charge, that these figures will appear in color online (e.thou., ScienceDirect and other sites). Further data on the preparation of electronic artwork.
Analogy services
Elsevier's Writer Services offers Illustration Services to authors preparing to submit a manuscript but concerned almost the quality of the images accompanying their article. Elsevier's expert illustrators can produce scientific, technical and medical-style images, every bit well as a full range of charts, tables and graphs. Epitome 'polishing' is too available, where our illustrators have your image(southward) and ameliorate them to a professional standard. Please visit the website to discover out more than.
Figure captions
Ensure that each illustration has a caption. A caption should comprise a cursory title (not on the figure itself) and a description of the illustration. Keep text in the illustrations themselves to a minimum only explain all symbols and abbreviations used.
Tables
Please submit tables as editable text and not as images. Tables can be placed either side by side to the relevant text in the article, or on separate page(s) at the terminate. Number tables consecutively in accordance with their advent in the text and place any table notes beneath the table body. Be sparing in the use of tables and ensure that the data presented in them do not indistinguishable results described elsewhere in the article. Delight avert using vertical rules and shading in table cells.
References
Citation in text
Please ensure that every reference cited in the text is also present in the reference list (and vice versa). Whatsoever references cited in the abstract must be given in full. Unpublished results and personal communications are not recommended in the reference list, but may be mentioned in the text. If these references are included in the reference list they should follow the standard reference fashion of the journal and should include a substitution of the publication date with either 'Unpublished results' or 'Personal communication'. Citation of a reference equally 'in printing' implies that the item has been accepted for publication.
Reference links
Increased discoverability of enquiry and high quality peer review are ensured by online links to the sources cited. In order to allow the states to create links to abstracting and indexing services, such every bit Scopus, CrossRef and PubMed, delight ensure that data provided in the references are correct. Please note that incorrect surnames, journal/book titles, publication yr and pagination may forbid link creation. When copying references, please be careful equally they may already contain errors. Utilize of the DOI is highly encouraged.
A DOI is guaranteed never to modify, then you can apply it as a permanent link to whatsoever electronic commodity. An instance of a commendation using DOI for an article not yet in an issue is: VanDecar J.C., Russo R.M., James D.Due east., Ambeh Due west.B., Franke 1000. (2003). Aseismic continuation of the Lesser Antilles slab beneath northeastern Venezuela. Journal of Geophysical Research, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JB000884. Please notation the format of such citations should exist in the same style equally all other references in the newspaper.
Spider web references
Equally a minimum, the full URL should be given and the engagement when the reference was last accessed. Any farther information, if known (DOI, author names, dates, reference to a source publication, etc.), should also be given. Web references can be listed separately (e.g., after the reference list) under a different heading if desired, or can exist included in the reference listing.
Data references
This journal encourages you lot to cite underlying or relevant datasets in your manuscript by citing them in your text and including a data reference in your Reference Listing. Information references should include the following elements: author name(s), dataset title, data repository, version (where available), yr, and global persistent identifier. Add [dataset] immediately earlier the reference so nosotros tin can properly identify information technology equally a data reference. The [dataset] identifier will not appear in your published article.
Reference management software
Most Elsevier journals take their reference template available in many of the most pop reference management software products. These include all products that support Citation Style Language styles, such equally Mendeley. Using citation plug-ins from these products, authors only need to select the appropriate journal template when preparing their commodity, later on which citations and bibliographies will be automatically formatted in the journal's style. If no template is yet bachelor for this journal, please follow the format of the sample references and citations as shown in this Guide. If you employ reference management software, please ensure that you remove all field codes before submitting the electronic manuscript. More information on how to remove field codes from different reference management software.
Reference style
Text: Indicate references by (consecutive) superscript arabic numerals in the order in which they appear in the text. The numerals are to be used outside periods and commas, within colons and semicolons. For further particular and examples you are referred to the AMA Manual of Style, A Guide for Authors and Editors, 11th Edition.
List: Number the references in the listing in the order in which they announced in the text.
Examples:
Reference to a journal publication:
1. Van der Geer J, Hanraads JAJ, Lupton RA. The art of writing a scientific article. J Sci Commun. 2010;163:51–59. https://doi.org/x.1016/j.Sc.2010.00372
Reference to a journal publication with an article number:
two. Van der Geer J, Hanraads JAJ, Lupton RA. The art of writing a scientific article. Heliyon. 2018;19:e00205. https://doi.org/ten.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00205
Reference to a book:
three. Strunk W Jr, White EB. The Elements of Style. 4th ed. New York, NY: Longman; 2000.
Reference to a chapter in an edited book:
4. Mettam GR, Adams LB. How to set an electronic version of your article. In: Jones BS, Smith RZ, eds. Introduction to the Electronic Age. New York, NY: Due east-Publishing Inc; 2009:281–304.
Reference to a website:
5. Cancer Research United kingdom of great britain and northern ireland. Cancer statistics reports for the United kingdom. Accessed 13 March 2003. http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/aboutcancer/statistics/cancerstatsreport/; 2003. .
Reference to a dataset:
[dataset] half-dozen. Oguro Thou, Imahiro S, Saito S, Nakashizuka T. Mortality data for Japanese oak wilt disease and surrounding forest compositions, Mendeley Data, v1; 2015. https://doi.org/10.17632/xwj98nb39r.1
Reference to software:
vii. Coon Due east, Berndt M, January A, Svyatsky D, Atchley A, Kikinzon East, Harp D, Manzini G, Shelef E, Lipnikov Grand, Garimella R, Xu C, Moulton D, Karra S, Painter Southward, Jafarov E, Molins S. Advanced Terrestrial Simulator (ATS) v0.88 (Version 0.88). Zenodo; 2020, March 25. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3727209
Periodical abbreviations source
Periodical names should be abbreviated according to the List of Title Word Abbreviations.
Video
Elsevier accepts video fabric and animation sequences to support and raise your scientific inquiry. Authors who have video or blitheness files that they wish to submit with their commodity are strongly encouraged to include links to these within the trunk of the article. This tin be done in the same way as a figure or tabular array by referring to the video or animation content and noting in the torso text where it should be placed. All submitted files should exist properly labeled so that they directly relate to the video file'southward content. In order to ensure that your video or animation material is directly usable, please provide the file in one of our recommended file formats with a preferred maximum size of 150 MB per file, i GB in total. Video and animation files supplied will be published online in the electronic version of your commodity in Elsevier Web products, including ScienceDirect. Delight supply 'stills' with your files: you can cull any frame from the video or animation or make a separate epitome. These will be used instead of standard icons and will personalize the link to your video data. For more than detailed instructions please visit our video instruction pages. Note: since video and animation cannot be embedded in the print version of the journal, delight provide text for both the electronic and the impress version for the portions of the article that refer to this content.
Supplementary textile
Supplementary material such equally applications, images and sound clips, can exist published with your article to raise it. Submitted supplementary items are published exactly as they are received (Excel or PowerPoint files will appear equally such online). Please submit your material together with the article and supply a concise, descriptive caption for each supplementary file. If you wish to make changes to supplementary material during any stage of the process, delight make sure to provide an updated file. Do not annotate any corrections on a previous version. Please switch off the 'Track Changes' option in Microsoft Part files as these volition announced in the published version.
Research data
This journal encourages you to share data that supports your research publication in an appropriate data repository, and enables you to interlink the data with your published manufactures. If you are sharing data, you are encouraged to cite the data in your manuscript and reference list. Delight refer to the "References" section for more than information near information citation.
Inquiry data refers to the results of observations or experimentation that validate research findings. To facilitate reproducibility and information reuse, this journal also encourages y'all to share your software, lawmaking, models, algorithms, protocols, methods and other useful materials related to the project.
For more information on depositing, sharing and using research data and other relevant inquiry materials, visit the inquiry data page.
Mendeley Data
This journal supports Mendeley Data, enabling you to eolith any research data (including raw and processed data, video, code, software, algorithms, protocols, and methods) associated with your manuscript in a free-to-use, open admission repository. Before submitting your article, you lot can eolith the relevant datasets to Mendeley Data. Please include the DOI of the deposited dataset(s) in your main manuscript file. The datasets will be listed and directly attainable to readers side by side to your published article online.
For more than information, visit the Mendeley Data for journals page.
Availability of accepted article
This journal makes articles available online equally soon as possible after acceptance. This concerns the Journal Pre-proofs (both in HTML and PDF format), which have undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but are not still the definitive versions of record. A Digital Object Identifier (DOI) is allocated, thereby making it fully citable and searchable by championship, writer name(south) and the total text. The article's PDF also carries a disclaimer stating that it is an unedited article. Subsequent product stages volition just replace this version.
Online proof correction
To ensure a fast publication procedure of the article, we kindly ask authors to provide u.s.a. with their proof corrections within two days. Respective authors will receive an electronic mail with a link to our online proofing system, allowing annotation and correction of proofs online. The environs is similar to MS Word: in addition to editing text, y'all can also comment on figures/tables and respond questions from the Copy Editor. Spider web-based proofing provides a faster and less error-prone process by allowing y'all to directly type your corrections, eliminating the potential introduction of errors.
If preferred, you can notwithstanding choose to annotate and upload your edits on the PDF version. All instructions for proofing volition exist given in the east-postal service we send to authors, including alternative methods to the online version and PDF.
We volition exercise everything possible to become your commodity published speedily and accurately. Please use this proof just for checking the typesetting, editing, completeness and correctness of the text, tables and figures. Pregnant changes to the article every bit accepted for publication will only be considered at this stage with permission from the Editor. It is important to ensure that all corrections are sent dorsum to us in i communication. Please check carefully before replying, as inclusion of any subsequent corrections cannot be guaranteed. Proofreading is solely your responsibility.
Offprints
The corresponding author will be notified and receive a link to the published version of the open access commodity on ScienceDirect. This link is in the grade of an article DOI link which tin can be shared via email and social networks. For an extra charge, paper offprints can be ordered via the offprint order grade which is sent one time the commodity is accepted for publication. Both corresponding and co-authors may order offprints at whatever fourth dimension via Elsevier'south Writer Services.
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Source: http://www.elsevier.com/journals/foot-and-ankle-surgery-techniques-reports-and-cases/2667-3967/guide-for-authors
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